
In this period between Rosh HaShana and Yom Kippur, the rhythm of the Jewish calendar obliges us to become especially reflective and self-critical. As we try to make atonement (Kippur), we turn our attention to our own humanity, which is synonymous with our fallibility - as we are reminded by the Latin phrase, "erratum humanum est" (to err is human).
In traditional Jewish practice, our reflection on our fallibility, and our need to make atonement for it, is divided into two separate, though interrelated, spheres: The interactions that are "bein adam La-Makom" - commonly translated as "between man and God"; and those interactions which are "bein adam l'chaveiro" - between a person and other human beings.
Non-religious Jews draw on this important tradition as well, often modernizing their reflections by replacing the image of a Supreme Being with that of our "conscience" or "superego", our "inner God" or "divine self".
But regardless of one's particular religious beliefs, Yom Kippur is a crucial time for the Jewish people - individually and collectively - to own up to, and publicly admit, the errors we have made, so that we can become less imperfect human beings in the year to come.